In today's era of rapid technological advancement, the widespread application of drones has not only brought unprecedented convenience to various industries but has also silently fostered a series of new challenges. As drones become prevalent in both military and civilian fields, anti-UAV system, which serve as a crucial line of defense against drone threats, are gradually becoming the focus of attention for many nations. This article provides an in-depth review of this industry, covering the classification, technological characteristics, and wide applications of anti-UAV system.
Faced with the increasingly severe threats posed by drones, the development of anti-UAV system is advancing rapidly. This technology system mainly consists of two core components: reconnaissance detection and countermeasures. Reconnaissance detection technology is akin to the "eyes" of the anti-drone system, accurately capturing the physical characteristics of drones through the integration of various sensors such as radar and electro-optical equipment, thereby achieving efficient target discovery and identification. Countermeasure technologies serve as its "sword," encompassing methods such as soft kill, hard kill, and camouflage, aimed at severing drone control links, disrupting their navigation systems, or directly destroying the target.
Radar, as a traditional and efficient means of detection, holds a central position in anti-UAV system. The application of composite detection systems, especially the fusion of radar and electro-optical technologies, has significantly enhanced the system's ability to identify multiple targets in complex environments. However, facing the challenge of drone swarms, further improving detection accuracy and efficiency remains a key direction for current technological development.
In the field of countermeasures, soft kill technologies, with their non-contact and low-cost characteristics, have become the preferred choice for dealing with threats from small and micro-drones. Through electronic suppression or deception techniques, they disrupt key systems of drones such as communication links and satellite navigation, forcing them to lose control or misleading their flight paths. Hard kill technologies, with their direct and effective physical strike capabilities, have become a reliable choice for countering large drones or performing high-risk missions. The application of emerging technologies such as directed energy weapons and net interception systems has provided even more possibilities for anti-UAV operations.
Civil/Police Use
With the frequent occurrence of unauthorized drone flights, the demand for anti-UAV system in civilian and police fields is growing. From the security of important events to the safety protection of civilian airports, anti-UAV system have become essential tools for maintaining public safety and social order.
Military Use
In the military field, anti-UAV system are indispensable. Faced with the widespread application of drones in reconnaissance and strikes, constructing a comprehensive anti-drone defense system has become a crucial task for military forces worldwide. From border patrols to the security protection of military bases, anti-UAV system provide a robust air defense barrier for the military with their unique advantages.
With the continuous evolution of drone technology, anti-UAV system also face new challenges and opportunities. In the future, reducing false alarm rates and improving cost-effectiveness will be important directions for the development of anti-drone technologies. Meanwhile, the research and application of new technologies such as directed energy weapons, electronic warfare equipment, and anti-drone swarm combat equipment will further enhance the operational efficiency of anti-UAV system. We have reason to believe that in the near future, anti-UAV system will play an increasingly important role in safeguarding national security and maintaining social stability.
English
